Chords for Chord Structure: Scales and Key Signatures
Tempo:
132.75 bpm
Chords used:
Bb
Eb
Gb
G
C
Tuning:Standard Tuning (EADGBE)Capo:+0fret
Start Jamming...
[E] So turn to the scale sheet, [Gb] whatever scale sheet you have, if you have one in your mind room or
[G] The first thing you [E] have to understand is how scales work, and we're not going [A] to talk
about [Cm] day one, learn the C chord and [Bb] the F chord, because I'm assuming, because you're
not in the beginner class, you already [Gb] know the basic seven chords, correct?
C, F, G, A, B, E, and B flat.
So what we're going to do is we're going to start from [Bb] there and talk about why [Bb] the chords
work the way they do, how they work, and then next week when we start our regular classes,
we can start talking more about where you lie here, playing with no music, and all kinds
of things that we really couldn't get into because we didn't have enough time.
Some of you were here [Gb] one week and not the next week, and it was really difficult to
kind of get consistent.
Alright, first thing, scales, when I was a kid, I learned scales probably like you did.
One at a time, memorizing.
C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C, over and over and over and over and over.
[Bb] Then the next week I would go and she'd say, learn a G scale.
G, A, B, C, D, E, F, Sharp, G, and it was the same thing.
Pretty soon as a kid, I just memorized them and I knew.
[Eb] Now, what my teacher didn't teach me [Bb] is that the scales follow patterns, very distinct patterns.
Major scales, and that's the only one we're going to talk about.
There's other kinds of scales, there's minors and enharmonic minors, all kinds of different scales.
In fact, there's a whole laundry list of them.
But for you, we're only going to use the major one.
How many notes in a scale?
From one C to the next C, it's called an octave.
G scale, E scale, so eight notes.
There's a pattern just like if you cook, there's a recipe.
If I would have known the pattern, I would have memorized all the scales.
I would have been able to just sit down and play them.
[Eb] So here's the rule.
Whole step between [Gb] the first and second step of every scale.
[Eb] Whole step, [Bb] whole step, whole step, whole step, and half.
So the rule is two and a half, three and a half.
So if I want to play a C scale, what note is the whole [Eb] step from C?
Hello?
[Bb] D.
Whole step from D?
E.
Half step from [Eb] E?
F.
Whole step from [Gb] F?
G.
Whole step?
[Eb] A.
Whole step?
B.
Half step?
C.
Now, the half step is where your thumb goes under on every scale.
So it's one, two, three, half step is where your thumb goes [Bbm] under.
So then you don't really even have to count.
So it's one, two, three, [G] half step, whole, whole, whole, and if you're lucky,
[Bb] if you did it right, you should end up on a half.
[C] Simple, huh?
Yes.
Most of when I wrote this for the video, most of [B] them.
Except you probably have to be more audible.
[Bb] All right, D scale.
Now, [G] the scale always has to go up alphabetically.
Have you ever wondered [C] why some scales have sharps and some scales have flats?
Because they have to go up the alphabet.
If I'm D and then I'm D, I have to go D, what's next?
[G] P, [Ebm] F, G, A, B, [Eb] C.
[Db] You write that in [Gb] before you even start.
[Bb] You cannot have [G] a C natural and a C sharp in the same scale.
Okay, it has to go up alphabetically.
That's why because of the design of the keyboard, depending on where you start,
some scales will have sharps, some scales will have flats.
D, two whole steps and a half, right?
What's a whole step from D?
Whole step from E, is it F?
F is only a half step.
So what do I have to do to the F to make it a whole step from E?
[Bb] You're going to have to sharp it.
Whole step is where my thumb goes under.
Whole step is A, whole step is B.
What's a whole step from B?
C sharps.
[G]
B, but it has to [Eb] go up.
If I ask you how many sharps are in the D scale, what will you say?
Two.
What are they?
[Gb] F and C [Eb] sharps.
Now, here's profound statement number one.
Here, I'm going to be real careful.
P, [G] P, B.
Profound statement number one, the word key and the word scale mean the same thing.
Listen, let's say it together.
The word key and the word scale mean the same thing.
Key signature, scale.
[Bb] If I play a song in the [G] key of D, it means the composer used the D scale to write the song.
Melody comes from the scale [Gb] and the chords come from the scale.
Make sense?
Yes.
All right, let's do one more and then we can take a break on the video.
A.
First thing, if you're just playing it without even considering this part, you just start on A when you do the pattern.
From the first note to the second is what?
A whole step or an F?
A whole.
So it is B.
Now, I [Eb] need a whole step from B.
[Gb] C sharp.
Okay, and then half step is where my [Bb] thumb goes under.
D, whole step?
D.
Whole step is not F, right?
F sharp.
Whole step is not G, it is G sharp and then A.
So when I play, it's A, B, C sharp, D, E, F sharp, G sharp, A.
So A, B, C, D, E, F, G, sharp C, sharp the F, sharp the G.
[C] Make sense?
[G] The first thing you [E] have to understand is how scales work, and we're not going [A] to talk
about [Cm] day one, learn the C chord and [Bb] the F chord, because I'm assuming, because you're
not in the beginner class, you already [Gb] know the basic seven chords, correct?
C, F, G, A, B, E, and B flat.
So what we're going to do is we're going to start from [Bb] there and talk about why [Bb] the chords
work the way they do, how they work, and then next week when we start our regular classes,
we can start talking more about where you lie here, playing with no music, and all kinds
of things that we really couldn't get into because we didn't have enough time.
Some of you were here [Gb] one week and not the next week, and it was really difficult to
kind of get consistent.
Alright, first thing, scales, when I was a kid, I learned scales probably like you did.
One at a time, memorizing.
C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C, over and over and over and over and over.
[Bb] Then the next week I would go and she'd say, learn a G scale.
G, A, B, C, D, E, F, Sharp, G, and it was the same thing.
Pretty soon as a kid, I just memorized them and I knew.
[Eb] Now, what my teacher didn't teach me [Bb] is that the scales follow patterns, very distinct patterns.
Major scales, and that's the only one we're going to talk about.
There's other kinds of scales, there's minors and enharmonic minors, all kinds of different scales.
In fact, there's a whole laundry list of them.
But for you, we're only going to use the major one.
How many notes in a scale?
From one C to the next C, it's called an octave.
G scale, E scale, so eight notes.
There's a pattern just like if you cook, there's a recipe.
If I would have known the pattern, I would have memorized all the scales.
I would have been able to just sit down and play them.
[Eb] So here's the rule.
Whole step between [Gb] the first and second step of every scale.
[Eb] Whole step, [Bb] whole step, whole step, whole step, and half.
So the rule is two and a half, three and a half.
So if I want to play a C scale, what note is the whole [Eb] step from C?
Hello?
[Bb] D.
Whole step from D?
E.
Half step from [Eb] E?
F.
Whole step from [Gb] F?
G.
Whole step?
[Eb] A.
Whole step?
B.
Half step?
C.
Now, the half step is where your thumb goes under on every scale.
So it's one, two, three, half step is where your thumb goes [Bbm] under.
So then you don't really even have to count.
So it's one, two, three, [G] half step, whole, whole, whole, and if you're lucky,
[Bb] if you did it right, you should end up on a half.
[C] Simple, huh?
Yes.
Most of when I wrote this for the video, most of [B] them.
Except you probably have to be more audible.
[Bb] All right, D scale.
Now, [G] the scale always has to go up alphabetically.
Have you ever wondered [C] why some scales have sharps and some scales have flats?
Because they have to go up the alphabet.
If I'm D and then I'm D, I have to go D, what's next?
[G] P, [Ebm] F, G, A, B, [Eb] C.
[Db] You write that in [Gb] before you even start.
[Bb] You cannot have [G] a C natural and a C sharp in the same scale.
Okay, it has to go up alphabetically.
That's why because of the design of the keyboard, depending on where you start,
some scales will have sharps, some scales will have flats.
D, two whole steps and a half, right?
What's a whole step from D?
Whole step from E, is it F?
F is only a half step.
So what do I have to do to the F to make it a whole step from E?
[Bb] You're going to have to sharp it.
Whole step is where my thumb goes under.
Whole step is A, whole step is B.
What's a whole step from B?
C sharps.
[G]
B, but it has to [Eb] go up.
If I ask you how many sharps are in the D scale, what will you say?
Two.
What are they?
[Gb] F and C [Eb] sharps.
Now, here's profound statement number one.
Here, I'm going to be real careful.
P, [G] P, B.
Profound statement number one, the word key and the word scale mean the same thing.
Listen, let's say it together.
The word key and the word scale mean the same thing.
Key signature, scale.
[Bb] If I play a song in the [G] key of D, it means the composer used the D scale to write the song.
Melody comes from the scale [Gb] and the chords come from the scale.
Make sense?
Yes.
All right, let's do one more and then we can take a break on the video.
A.
First thing, if you're just playing it without even considering this part, you just start on A when you do the pattern.
From the first note to the second is what?
A whole step or an F?
A whole.
So it is B.
Now, I [Eb] need a whole step from B.
[Gb] C sharp.
Okay, and then half step is where my [Bb] thumb goes under.
D, whole step?
D.
Whole step is not F, right?
F sharp.
Whole step is not G, it is G sharp and then A.
So when I play, it's A, B, C sharp, D, E, F sharp, G sharp, A.
So A, B, C, D, E, F, G, sharp C, sharp the F, sharp the G.
[C] Make sense?
Key:
Bb
Eb
Gb
G
C
Bb
Eb
Gb
_ _ _ [E] So turn to the scale sheet, [Gb] whatever scale sheet you have, if you have one in your mind room or_
_ _ _ [G] _ The first thing you [E] have to understand is how scales work, _ _ and we're not going [A] to talk
about [Cm] day one, learn the C chord and [Bb] the F chord, because I'm assuming, because you're
not in the beginner class, you already [Gb] know the basic seven chords, correct?
_ C, F, G, A, B, E, and B flat.
_ _ _ _ So what we're going to do is we're going to start from [Bb] there and talk about why [Bb] the chords
work the way they do, how they work, and then next week when we start our regular classes,
we can start talking more about where you lie here, playing with no music, and all kinds
of things that we really couldn't get into because we didn't have enough time. _
Some of you were here [Gb] one week and not the next week, and it was really difficult to
kind of get consistent.
_ Alright, _ first thing, scales, when I was a kid, I learned scales probably like you did.
One at a time, _ memorizing.
C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C, over and over and over and over and over.
[Bb] Then the next week I would go and she'd say, learn a G scale.
G, A, B, C, D, E, F, Sharp, G, and it was the same thing. _
Pretty soon as a kid, I just memorized them and I knew.
[Eb] _ Now, what my teacher didn't teach me [Bb] is that the scales follow patterns, very distinct patterns.
Major scales, and that's the only one we're going to talk about.
There's other kinds of scales, there's minors and enharmonic minors, all kinds of different scales.
In fact, there's a whole laundry list of them.
_ But for you, we're only going to use the major one.
How many notes in a scale?
_ _ _ _ _ _ _
From one C to the next C, it's called an octave. _
G scale, E scale, so eight notes.
_ _ There's a pattern just like if you cook, there's a recipe.
If I would have known the pattern, I would have memorized all the scales.
I would have been able to just sit down and play them.
[Eb] So here's the rule.
Whole step between [Gb] the first and second step of every scale. _ _
[Eb] Whole step, _ _ _ [Bb] whole step, whole step, whole step, and half.
So the rule is two and a half, three and a half. _ _ _ _ _
So if I want to play a C scale, _ what note is the whole [Eb] step from C?
_ _ _ Hello?
[Bb] D.
Whole step from D?
E.
Half step from [Eb] E?
F.
Whole step from [Gb] F?
G.
Whole step?
[Eb] A.
Whole step?
B.
Half step?
C.
Now, the half step is where your thumb goes under on every scale.
So it's one, two, three, _ half step is where your thumb goes [Bbm] under.
So then you don't really even have to count.
_ So it's one, two, three, [G] half step, whole, whole, whole, and if you're lucky,
[Bb] if you did it right, you should end up on a half.
[C] _ _ Simple, huh? _
_ _ _ Yes. _ _ _
Most of when I wrote this for the video, most of [B] them.
_ _ _ Except you probably have to be more audible.
[Bb] _ All right, D scale.
_ Now, [G] the scale always has to go up alphabetically. _
Have you ever wondered [C] why some scales have sharps and some scales have flats?
_ _ _ Because they have to go up the alphabet.
_ _ If I'm D and then I'm D, I have to go D, what's next?
[G] _ P, [Ebm] F, G, A, B, [Eb] C.
[Db] You write that in [Gb] before you even start.
[Bb] You cannot have [G] a C natural and a C sharp in the same scale.
_ Okay, it has to go up alphabetically.
That's why because of the design of the keyboard, depending on where you start,
some scales will have sharps, some scales _ _ _ _ _ _ _ will have flats.
D, _ _ _ _ _ two whole steps and a half, right?
What's a whole step from D? _
Whole step from E, is it F?
_ _ F is only a half step.
_ So what do I have to do to the F to make it a whole step from E?
[Bb] You're going to have to sharp it.
_ _ Whole step is where my thumb goes under.
Whole step is A, whole step is B.
What's a whole step from B? _ _
C sharps.
_ _ _ _ _ [G] _
_ _ B, but it has to [Eb] go up.
If I ask you how many sharps are in the D scale, what will you say?
Two.
_ What are they?
_ [Gb] F and C [Eb] sharps.
Now, here's profound statement number one. _
Here, I'm going to be real careful.
P, [G] P, B. _
Profound statement number one, the word key and the word scale mean the same thing.
_ _ _ _ _ _ Listen, let's say it together.
The word key and the word scale mean the same thing.
Key signature, _ scale.
[Bb] If I play a song in the [G] key of D, it means the composer used the D scale to write the song.
_ Melody comes from the scale [Gb] and the chords come from the scale.
_ _ Make sense?
Yes.
All right, let's do one more and then we can take a break on the video.
A.
_ _ _ _ _ First thing, if you're just playing it without even considering this part, you just start on A when you do the pattern.
_ _ From the first note to the second is what?
A whole step or an F?
A whole.
So it is B.
Now, I [Eb] need a whole step from B. _
[Gb] C sharp.
_ Okay, and then half step is where my [Bb] thumb goes under.
D, whole step?
_ _ D.
Whole step is not F, right?
F sharp.
Whole step is not G, it is G sharp and then A.
So when I play, it's A, B, C sharp, D, E, F sharp, G sharp, A.
So A, B, C, D, E, F, G, sharp C, sharp the F, sharp the G.
_ [C] Make sense?
_ _ _ [G] _ The first thing you [E] have to understand is how scales work, _ _ and we're not going [A] to talk
about [Cm] day one, learn the C chord and [Bb] the F chord, because I'm assuming, because you're
not in the beginner class, you already [Gb] know the basic seven chords, correct?
_ C, F, G, A, B, E, and B flat.
_ _ _ _ So what we're going to do is we're going to start from [Bb] there and talk about why [Bb] the chords
work the way they do, how they work, and then next week when we start our regular classes,
we can start talking more about where you lie here, playing with no music, and all kinds
of things that we really couldn't get into because we didn't have enough time. _
Some of you were here [Gb] one week and not the next week, and it was really difficult to
kind of get consistent.
_ Alright, _ first thing, scales, when I was a kid, I learned scales probably like you did.
One at a time, _ memorizing.
C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C, over and over and over and over and over.
[Bb] Then the next week I would go and she'd say, learn a G scale.
G, A, B, C, D, E, F, Sharp, G, and it was the same thing. _
Pretty soon as a kid, I just memorized them and I knew.
[Eb] _ Now, what my teacher didn't teach me [Bb] is that the scales follow patterns, very distinct patterns.
Major scales, and that's the only one we're going to talk about.
There's other kinds of scales, there's minors and enharmonic minors, all kinds of different scales.
In fact, there's a whole laundry list of them.
_ But for you, we're only going to use the major one.
How many notes in a scale?
_ _ _ _ _ _ _
From one C to the next C, it's called an octave. _
G scale, E scale, so eight notes.
_ _ There's a pattern just like if you cook, there's a recipe.
If I would have known the pattern, I would have memorized all the scales.
I would have been able to just sit down and play them.
[Eb] So here's the rule.
Whole step between [Gb] the first and second step of every scale. _ _
[Eb] Whole step, _ _ _ [Bb] whole step, whole step, whole step, and half.
So the rule is two and a half, three and a half. _ _ _ _ _
So if I want to play a C scale, _ what note is the whole [Eb] step from C?
_ _ _ Hello?
[Bb] D.
Whole step from D?
E.
Half step from [Eb] E?
F.
Whole step from [Gb] F?
G.
Whole step?
[Eb] A.
Whole step?
B.
Half step?
C.
Now, the half step is where your thumb goes under on every scale.
So it's one, two, three, _ half step is where your thumb goes [Bbm] under.
So then you don't really even have to count.
_ So it's one, two, three, [G] half step, whole, whole, whole, and if you're lucky,
[Bb] if you did it right, you should end up on a half.
[C] _ _ Simple, huh? _
_ _ _ Yes. _ _ _
Most of when I wrote this for the video, most of [B] them.
_ _ _ Except you probably have to be more audible.
[Bb] _ All right, D scale.
_ Now, [G] the scale always has to go up alphabetically. _
Have you ever wondered [C] why some scales have sharps and some scales have flats?
_ _ _ Because they have to go up the alphabet.
_ _ If I'm D and then I'm D, I have to go D, what's next?
[G] _ P, [Ebm] F, G, A, B, [Eb] C.
[Db] You write that in [Gb] before you even start.
[Bb] You cannot have [G] a C natural and a C sharp in the same scale.
_ Okay, it has to go up alphabetically.
That's why because of the design of the keyboard, depending on where you start,
some scales will have sharps, some scales _ _ _ _ _ _ _ will have flats.
D, _ _ _ _ _ two whole steps and a half, right?
What's a whole step from D? _
Whole step from E, is it F?
_ _ F is only a half step.
_ So what do I have to do to the F to make it a whole step from E?
[Bb] You're going to have to sharp it.
_ _ Whole step is where my thumb goes under.
Whole step is A, whole step is B.
What's a whole step from B? _ _
C sharps.
_ _ _ _ _ [G] _
_ _ B, but it has to [Eb] go up.
If I ask you how many sharps are in the D scale, what will you say?
Two.
_ What are they?
_ [Gb] F and C [Eb] sharps.
Now, here's profound statement number one. _
Here, I'm going to be real careful.
P, [G] P, B. _
Profound statement number one, the word key and the word scale mean the same thing.
_ _ _ _ _ _ Listen, let's say it together.
The word key and the word scale mean the same thing.
Key signature, _ scale.
[Bb] If I play a song in the [G] key of D, it means the composer used the D scale to write the song.
_ Melody comes from the scale [Gb] and the chords come from the scale.
_ _ Make sense?
Yes.
All right, let's do one more and then we can take a break on the video.
A.
_ _ _ _ _ First thing, if you're just playing it without even considering this part, you just start on A when you do the pattern.
_ _ From the first note to the second is what?
A whole step or an F?
A whole.
So it is B.
Now, I [Eb] need a whole step from B. _
[Gb] C sharp.
_ Okay, and then half step is where my [Bb] thumb goes under.
D, whole step?
_ _ D.
Whole step is not F, right?
F sharp.
Whole step is not G, it is G sharp and then A.
So when I play, it's A, B, C sharp, D, E, F sharp, G sharp, A.
So A, B, C, D, E, F, G, sharp C, sharp the F, sharp the G.
_ [C] Make sense?